Straight-and-Level Flight

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• PA.VIII.A.K1Flight instruments as they relate to:
• PA.VIII.A.K1aa. Instrument limitations and potential errors
• PA.VIII.A.K1bb. Indication of the aircraft attitude
• PA.VIII.A.K1cc. Function and operation
• PA.VIII.A.K1dd. Proper instrument cross-check techniques

The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

• PA.VIII.A.R1Instrument flying hazards, including failure to maintain visual flight rules (VFR), spatial disorientation, loss of control, fatigue, stress, and emergency off airport landings.
• PA.VIII.A.R2When to seek assistance or declare an emergency in a deteriorating situation.
• PA.VIII.A.R3Collision hazards.
• PA.VIII.A.R4Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
• PA.VIII.A.R5Fixation and omission.
• PA.VIII.A.R6Instrument Interpretation.
• PA.VIII.A.R7Control application solely by reference to instruments.
• PA.VIII.A.R8Trimming the aircraft.

The applicant exhibits the skill to:

• PA.VIII.A.S1Maintain straight-and-level flight using proper instrument cross-check and interpretation, and coordinated control application.
• PA.VIII.A.S2Maintain altitude ±200 feet, heading ±20°, and airspeed ±10 knots.