Steep Turns

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• PA.V.A.K1How to conduct a proper steep turn.
• PA.V.A.K2Aerodynamics associated with steep turns, including:
• PA.V.A.K2aa. Maintaining coordinated flight
• PA.V.A.K2bb. Overbanking tendencies
• PA.V.A.K2cc. Maneuvering speed, including the impact of weight changes
• PA.V.A.K2dd. Load factor and accelerated stalls
• PA.V.A.K2ee. Rate and radius of turn

The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

• PA.V.A.R1Division of attention between aircraft control and orientation.
• PA.V.A.R2Collision hazards.
• PA.V.A.R3Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
• PA.V.A.R4Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
• PA.V.A.R5Uncoordinated flight.

The applicant exhibits the skill to:

• PA.V.A.S1Clear the area.
• PA.V.A.S2Establish the manufacturer's recommended airspeed; or if one is not available, an airspeed not to exceed the maneuvering speed (VA).
• PA.V.A.S3Roll into a coordinated 360° steep turn with approximately a 45° bank.
• PA.V.A.S4Perform the Task in the opposite direction, as specified by evaluator.
• PA.V.A.S5Maintain the entry altitude ±100 feet, airspeed ±10 knots, bank ±5°, and roll out on the entry heading ±10°.