Confined Area Takeoff and Maximum Performance Climb

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• PA.IV.G.K1Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance.
• PA.IV.G.K2Best angle of climb speed (VX) and best rate of climb speed (VY).
• PA.IV.G.K3Appropriate airplane configuration.
• PA.IV.G.K4Effects of water surface.

The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

• PA.IV.G.R1Selection of takeoff path based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.
• PA.IV.G.R2Effects of:
• PA.IV.G.R2aa. Crosswind
• PA.IV.G.R2bb. Windshear
• PA.IV.G.R2cc. Tailwind
• PA.IV.G.R2dd. Wake turbulence
• PA.IV.G.R2ee. Water surface/condition
• PA.IV.G.R3Abnormal operations, including planning for:
• PA.IV.G.R3aa. Rejected takeoff
• PA.IV.G.R3bb. Potential engine failure in takeoff/climb phase of flight
• PA.IV.G.R4Collision hazards.
• PA.IV.G.R5Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
• PA.IV.G.R6Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

The applicant exhibits the skill to:

• PA.IV.G.S1Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
• PA.IV.G.S2Make radio calls as appropriate.
• PA.IV.G.S3Verify assigned/correct takeoff path.
• PA.IV.G.S4Determine wind direction with or without visible wind direction indicators.
• PA.IV.G.S5Position the flight controls for the existing wind, if applicable.
• PA.IV.G.S6Clear the area, taxi into takeoff position utilizing maximum available takeoff area, and align the airplane on the takeoff path.
• PA.IV.G.S6aa. Retract the water rudders, as appropriate
• PA.IV.G.S7Advance the throttle smoothly to takeoff power and confirm proper engine and flight instrument indications prior to rotation.
• PA.IV.G.S8Establish a pitch attitude that maintains the most efficient planing/lift-off attitude and correct for porpoising and skipping.
• PA.IV.G.S9Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s).
• PA.IV.G.S10Rotate and lift off at the recommended airspeed, and accelerate to the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed or VX.
• PA.IV.G.S11Establish a pitch attitude to maintain the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed or VX, +10/-5 knots until the obstacle is cleared or until the airplane is 50 feet above the surface.
• PA.IV.G.S12Establish a pitch attitude for VY and accelerate to VY +10/-5 knots after clearing the obstacle or at 50 feet AGL if simulating an obstacle.
• PA.IV.G.S13Retract flaps, if extended, after a positive rate of climb has been verified or in accordance with airplane manufacturer’s guidance.
• PA.IV.G.S14Maintain VY +10/-5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
• PA.IV.G.S15Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb.
• PA.IV.G.S16Comply with noise abatement procedures, as applicable.