Rough Water Takeoff and Climb

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• PA.IV.K.K1Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance.
• PA.IV.K.K2Best angle of climb speed (VX) and best rate of climb speed (VY).
• PA.IV.K.K3Appropriate airplane configuration.
• PA.IV.K.K4Appropriate use of rough water takeoff and climb technique.

The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

• PA.IV.K.R1Selection of takeoff path based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.
• PA.IV.K.R2Effects of:
• PA.IV.K.R2aa. Crosswind
• PA.IV.K.R2bb. Windshear
• PA.IV.K.R2cc. Tailwind
• PA.IV.K.R2dd. Wake turbulence
• PA.IV.K.R2ee. Water surface/condition
• PA.IV.K.R3Abnormal operations, including planning for:
• PA.IV.K.R3aa. Rejected takeoff
• PA.IV.K.R3bb. Potential engine failure in takeoff/climb phase of flight
• PA.IV.K.R4Collision hazards.
• PA.IV.K.R5Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
• PA.IV.K.R6Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
• PA.IV.K.R7Gear position in an amphibious airplane.

The applicant exhibits the skill to:

• PA.IV.K.S1Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
• PA.IV.K.S2Make radio calls as appropriate.
• PA.IV.K.S3Verify assigned/correct takeoff path.
• PA.IV.K.S4Determine wind direction with or without visible wind direction indicators.
• PA.IV.K.S5Position flight controls and configure the airplane for the existing conditions.
• PA.IV.K.S6Clear the area, select an appropriate takeoff path considering wind, swells, surface hazards, or vessels.
• PA.IV.K.S6aa. Retract the water rudders, as appropriate
• PA.IV.K.S6bb. Advance the throttle smoothly to takeoff power and confirm proper engine and flight instrument indications prior to rotation
• PA.IV.K.S7[Archived]
• PA.IV.K.S8Establish and maintain an appropriate planing attitude, directional control, and correct for porpoising, skipping, and increase in water drag.
• PA.IV.K.S9Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s).
• PA.IV.K.S10Lift off at minimum airspeed and accelerate to VY +10/- 5 knots before leaving ground effect.
• PA.IV.K.S11Configure the airplane after a positive rate of climb has been verified or in accordance with airplane manufacturer’s instructions.
• PA.IV.K.S12Maintain VY +10/-5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
• PA.IV.K.S13Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb.