Confined Area Approach and Landing

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• PA.IV.H.K1A stabilized approach, including energy management concepts.
• PA.IV.H.K2Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance.
• PA.IV.H.K3Wind correction techniques on approach and landing.

The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

• PA.IV.H.R1Selection of approach path and touchdown area based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.
• PA.IV.H.R2Effects of:
• PA.IV.H.R2aa. Crosswind
• PA.IV.H.R2bb. Windshear
• PA.IV.H.R2cc. Tailwind
• PA.IV.H.R2dd. Wake turbulence
• PA.IV.H.R2ee. Water surface/condition
• PA.IV.H.R3Planning for a go-around and rejected landing.
• PA.IV.H.R4Collision hazards.
• PA.IV.H.R5Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
• PA.IV.H.R6Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

The applicant exhibits the skill to:

• PA.IV.H.S1Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
• PA.IV.H.S2Make radio calls as appropriate.
• PA.IV.H.S3Ensure the airplane is aligned for an approach to the correct/assigned landing surface.
• PA.IV.H.S4Scan the landing area for traffic and obstructions.
• PA.IV.H.S5Select and aim for a suitable touchdown point considering the wind conditions, landing surface, and obstructions.
• PA.IV.H.S6Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration, airspeed, and trim, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach.
• PA.IV.H.S7Maintain manufacturer’s published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots with gust factor applied.
• PA.IV.H.S8Maintain directional control and appropriate crosswind correction throughout the approach and landing.
• PA.IV.H.S9Make smooth, timely, and correct control application before, during, and after touchdown.
• PA.IV.H.S10Contact the water at the recommended airspeed with a proper pitch attitude for the surface conditions.
• PA.IV.H.S11Touch down at a proper pitch attitude, within 200 feet beyond or on the specified point, with no side drift, minimum float, and with the airplane’s longitudinal axis aligned with the projected landing path.
• PA.IV.H.S12Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing.
• PA.IV.H.S13Apply elevator control as necessary to stop in the shortest distance consistent with safety.